Sim’s book is a meticulously researched study, reconstructing the Matthean community at the time the Gospel was written. In tracing its full history, he demonstrates that the Matthean community can only be understood in the context of two distinct and opposing Christian perspectives existing in the early Church: the first was represented by the Jerusalem church and the Matthean community and maintained that the Christian message must be preached within the context of Judaism; the second, opposing perspective, represented by Paul and his followers, believed Christians were not inclined to observe the Jewish law. Dr. Sim also reconstructs the conflicts within the Jewish and Gentile worlds in the aftermath of the Jewish war.