This volume, the first of a two-volume work by Leonhard Goppelt, represents the most mature and comprehensive thought of this German New Testament scholar. Among German-speaking scholars it is distinguished as rivaling, if not replacing, the monumental work on New Testament theology by Rudolf Bultmann. A study of the life and ministry of Jesus, this volume makes a thoroughgoing application of the most reliable tools and insights of contemporary New Testament scholarship. Goppelt makes a critical examination of the sources for knowledge of the historical Jesus and maintains an ongoing conversation with the views of other interpreters.
The major themes developed are the coming of the Kingdom of God, repentance and the ethical directives of Jesus, repentance as the gift of God's Kingdom, Jesus' ministry of healing and eschatological renewal, Jesus' self-understanding, and the cross and resurrection. An appendix provides a history and shows the range of problems in New Testament theology. Here Goppelt also examines and evaluates the historical-critical, historical-positive, and Heilsgeschichtliche approaches. Each chapter includes a detailed bibliography in English and German.
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“When one examines the structure of the Gospels, it becomes clear that they were written in reverse order, from finish to start as it were, from the perspective of the passion and Easter.” (Page 3)
“So it was that in the Jewish literature of Jesus’ day the Law (ho nomos) represented in some cases the Pentateuch formally, and in others its content, i.e., the Mosaic Law.” (Page 88)
“Repentance’ is a collective term used by the evangelists primarily to summarize what Jesus wanted people to do. Jesus himself, however, spoke with differentiating concreteness about the life to which people were now being called, namely, to become poor as described in the Beatitudes and to invest themselves totally as described in the individual directives of the Sermon on the Mount.” (Page 77)
“The popular notion that the kingdom of heaven is a heavenly world located above the firmament, and into which the pious enter after death, is not found in the New Testament; rather it is found in the Jewish apocalypses and, in a different form, in Gnosticism.” (Page 44)
“Who Jesus really is cannot be determined by the substantiation of historical phenomena. This can be grasped only through an understanding of that which he conveys in discipleship and faith.” (Page 275)
Even those who disagree with Goppelt about the problems, tasks, and objectives of New Testament theology, will profit from a study of this impressive work, one of the few recent attempts to bring the results of critical exegesis into dialogue with systematic theology.
—Victor P. Furnish, university distinguished professor emeritus of New Testament, Perkins School of Theology
This work strikes a powerful blow in the battle to hold biblical exegesis and systematic theology together, and will help students to see New Testament theology in perspective. Its fresh and independent studies of such vital questions as how Jesus stood in relation to the Jewish law and what was meant by the Kingdom of God are of great value.
—C.F.D. Moule, University of Cambridge
Happily the distinctive features of Goppelt's substantial contribution to New Testament theology will now be more widely available — thanks to this English translation.
—Bruce M. Metzger, professor of New Testament, Princeton Theological Seminary