Digital Logos Edition
William C. Pohl IV investigates ethical God-talk in the Book of Job, by exploring the prominence of such theology, showing how each major section of the Book highlights the theme of proper speech, and demonstrating that Job’s internal rhetoric is the foundation for the Book’s external rhetoric. Pohl analyses each of Job’s speeches for literary rhetorical situation, forms (i.e., genres), its rhetorical strategies; the rhetorical goals of each speech are identified in light of Job’s exigency (or exigencies) and his use of strategies is explored in light of these goals.
Pohl argues that Job faces two main exigencies: his suffering and the necessity of defending his protest prayer vis-à-vis his “friends.” Job seeks to alleviate his suffering with protest prayer, and to defend his prayers to the friends through argumentation. Following the internal rhetorical analysis, this study proceeds to examine the external rhetorical effect of the Elihu and Yahweh speeches vis-à-vis ethical God-talk. Pohl concludes that the book of Job shapes its readers to see protest prayer as an ethical, even encouraged, form of discourse in the midst of innocent suffering. Brief implications of this conclusion are outlined, identifying the book’s rhetorical situation through the “entextualized” problem in the book. Pohl proposes a new exigency for the book of Job in which protest prayer was eschewed, and a tentative proposal for the book of Job’s historical provenance is outlined.

“Yahweh gives two speeches in his answer to Job, to which Job issues two responses. Together, Yahweh’s speeches have three purposes: (1) to refute Job’s obscuring of Yahweh’s divine עֵצָה with verbal expression that accuses (and implies) widespread divine injustice; (2) to refute Job’s attempt at coercion through his oath; and (3) to reveal a wise and compassionate creator who sovereignly reigns over the cosmos and so to invite Job back into relationship.” (Page 237)
“One of the important uses of repetition is the Leitwort (93). Leitwörter cluster together to indicate themes” (Page 23)
“to agree that his only recourse is protest prayer.” (Page 70)