In this volume Nathan Montover discusses how Luther’s universal priesthood is, in part, a radical political doctrine that constitutes a revolutionary strain in Luther’s thinking. Luther’s political understanding of the universal priesthood posed a challenge to the concrete structures of his day, which were built upon a cosmological foundation that came under attack as a result of the Protestant Reformation. Thus, as Montover argues in this text, Luther’s universal priesthood was not simply another evangelical concept that dealt with the office of ministry. It also served as the means for reordering the concept of temporal authority and the temporal order.