Thessalonica is special. It is one of the few cities in the New Testament that has not only survived, but is thriving today. Yet Thessalonica during Paul’s time found itself in a complicated spiritual position. On the one hand, the Thessalonian church was gripped in fear about death, suffering, and the End Times. On the other, they had embraced the Gospel preached to them. The title, Now—and Then speaks to this spiritual dissonance. In this study, Bryan Williams highlights the contrast between the “now” of the present age and the “then” of the Lord’s return, the climax of history.